An impact assessment is a process that evaluates and measures the effects or consequences of an action, policy, program, or project on the environment, economy, society, or other areas. It involves analyzing data to determine whether the change has had positive or negative effects, and identifying any unintended consequences. The goal of impact assessment is to provide information that can be used to make informed decisions about future actions, policies, programs, or projects, in order to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive ones.